1999年英语真题5（2 / 2）
［A］ inquiring minds are more important than stific experiments
［B］ sce advances when fruitful researches are ducted
［C］ stists seldom fet the essential nature of research
［D］ uability weighs less thaion in stific research
28. The author asserts that stists.
［A］ shouldn’t repce “stific method” with imaginative thought
［B］ shouldn’t o specute on uable things
［C］ should write more cise reports for teical journals
［D］ should be fident about their research findings
29. It seems that some young stists.
［A］ have a keen i iion
［B］ oftee oure
［C］ think highly of creative thinking
［D］ stick to “stific method”
30. The author implies that the results of stific research.
［A］ may not be as profitable as they are expected
［B］ be measured in dolrs as
［C］ rely on ity to a standard pattern
［D］ are mostly uimated by managemen
Part III Englishese Transtion
Dires:
Read the following passage carefully and then trahe underlined segments into ese. Your transtion must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
31 ） While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely s to ohat sees history as the attempt to recreate and expin the signifit events of the past . Caught in the web of its own time and pce, each geion of historiaermines anew what is signifit for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always ie and scattered; it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historian’s craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but tributions to an unending process.
32）I in historical methods has arisehrough external challeo the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sces seemed to affreater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an uanding of the past. Social sce methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the porary world. 33 ） During this traraditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies desigo interpret the new forms of eviden the historical study.
Methodology is a term that remains ily ambiguous in the historical profession. 34 ） There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the cepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research teiques appropriate tothe various branches of historical inquiry. Historians, especially those so blinded by their researterests that they havebeen accused of “tunnel method,” frequently fall victim to the “teical falcy.” Also on iural sces, theteicist falcy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its teical implementation.
35）It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources,and to social sce historians who equate their activity with specific teiques.